langues
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 |  Subject: قاموس مصطلحات الحديث  Tue 25 Oct - 6:32 | |
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المُعَلَّلُ
هُوَ مَا فِيهِ أَسبَابٌ خَفِيَّةٌ غَامِضَةٌ قَادِحَةٌ وَالظَّاهِرُ السَّلَامَةُ مِنهَا لِجَمعِهِ شُرُوطَ القَبُولِ ظَاهِرًا.
Defected : Any hadith that has a hidden and ambiguously defective
element while it apparently seems defectless by meeting all
acceptability conditions.
المُفتَرِقُ
هُوَ أَن تَختَلِفُ أَسمَاءُ الرُّوَاةِ وَأَسمَاءُ آبَائِهِم.
Discordant [Muftariq] : This means that the names and surnames of narrators are different.
المُفرَدَاتُ
الفَردُ هُوَ الحَدِيثُ الَّذِي تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ رَاوٍ وَاحِدٌ فِي أَيِّ طَبَقَةٍ مِن طَبَقَاتِ السَّنَدِ وَيُسَمَّى بِالغَرِيبِ.
Unique Narration : This term, also called Unfamiliar Hadith, applies to a
hadith reported only by one narrator in any stage of the chain of
transmission.
المَقبُولُ
هُوَ مَن تُقبَلُ رِوَايَتُهُ.
Accepted : This term applies to a person whose narration is accepted
المُنَاوَلَةُ
هِيَ أَن يُعطِي الشَّيخُ الطَّالِبَ أَصلَ سَمَاعِهِ أَفرُعًا مُقَابِلًا
بِهِ كِتَابَهُ وَيَقُولُ لَهُ "هَذِهِ رِوَايَتِي عَن فُلَانٍ فَاروِهِ
عَنِّي".
Handing over : This refers to the scholar's delivery of his own original
book of narration, or a copy of it to his disciple saying: 'Here are
the hadiths which I reported from so-and-so, you may narrate them. '
المُهمَلُ
هُوَ مَن اِتَّفَقَ الرُّوَاةُ فِي اِسمِهِ فَقَط أَو فِي كُنيَتِهِ فَقَط
وَيَقَعُ ذِكرُهُ فِي السَّنَدِ مِن غَيرِ ذِكرِ الأَبِ أَو نِسبَةٍ
تُمَيِّزُهُ، مَثَلَ حَمَّادٍ.
Neglected [Muhmal] : This refers to a narrator whose first name or
nickname has been agreed upon by Hadith scholars. He is mentioned in the
chain of transmission without his father's name or any other
distinguishing attribute. An example of this is Hammad.
الوِجَادَةُ
هِيَ أَن يَجِدَ الرَّاوِي أَحَادِيثَ بِخَطِّ شَيخٍ يَعرِفُهُ لَم
يَسمَعهَا مِن الشَّيخِ وَلَم يَأذَن لَهُ الشَّيخُ بِالرِّوَايَةِ عَنهُ.
Finding : This refers to the narrator's finding of some hadiths in the
handwriting of a scholar whom he knows, but he neither heard them from
the scholar nor did the scholar permit him to narrate or transmit them.
الوُحدَان
هُم مَن رَوَى عَنهُم رَاوٍ وَاحِدٌ فَقَط.
The Individuals : This term applies to those from whom just one narrator has transmitted hadiths.
الوَصِيَّةُ
هِيَ أَن يُوصِي الشَّيخُ بِكِتَابٍ يَروِيهِ عِندَ مَوتِهِ أَو سَفَرِهِ لِشَخصٍ.
Recommendation : Before his death or travel, a scholar may recommend a certain book to be narrated by a certain person.
بِدعَةٌ
هِيَ إِحدَاثُ أَمرٍ جَدِيدٍ فِي الدِّينِ لَم يَفعَلهُ النَّبِيُّ وَلَا الصَّحَابَةُ وَلَا التَّابِعِينَ.
Innovation in Religion : This term applies to introducing an invented
matter in religion which was not done by the Prophet, the Companions or
the Successors
بَيَانُ المُجمَلِ
مِثلُ الأَحَادِيثِ الَّتِي بَيَّنَت جَمِيعَ مَا يَتَعَلَّقُ بِصُوَرِ
العِبَادَاتِ وَالأَحكَامِ مِن كَيفِيَّاتٍ وَشُرُوطٍ وَأَوقَاتٍ
وَهَيئَاتٍ.
Providing details for the Concise Hadiths : Examples are the hadiths
that explain and provide details for all that is related to the forms
and status of acts of worship, their judgments, conditions and timing.
تَابِعُ الأَتبَاعِ
هُوَ مَن لَقِيَ وَاحِدًا فَأَكثَرَ مِن أَتبَاعِ التَّابِعِينَ وَأَخَذَ عَنهُ.
Follower of the Followers : It refers to a person who met one or more of
the Followers of the Successors, from whom he transmitted hadiths, i.
e., he was contemporary to the third generation after the Prophet.
تَخصِيصُ العَامِّ
كَالحَدِيثِ الَّذِي بَيَّنَ أَنَّ المُرَادَ مِن الظُّلمِ فِي قَولِهِ
تَعَالَى: {الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَم يُلبِسُوا إِيمَانَهُم بِظُلمٍ} هُوَ
الشِّركُ.
Specification of the Generalities : An example is the hadith that
determines the meaning of the word 'wrong' in the Qur'anic verse {It is
those who believe and confuse not their beliefs with wrong} to be
'polytheism'.
تَرَجُّحٌ
إِعطَاءُ الأَولَوِيَّةِ لِشَيءٍ مَا.
Precedence : This means giving priority to something.
تَعلِيقَاتُ البُخَارِيِّ وَمُسلِمٍ
هِيَ الأَحَادِيثُ الَّتِي عَلَّقَهَا البُخَارِيُّ وَمُسلِمٌ فِي صَحِيحَيهِمَا.
Suspended Hadiths of Al-Bukhari and Muslim : These are the hadiths
suspended by the two Imams Al-Bukhari and Muslim in their Sahihs.
تَقرِيرٌ
Tacit Approval : This term refers to the Prophet's tacit approval of any
thing, by seeing some action and not prohibiting or showing disapproval
of it. Accordingly, this action will be judged allowable.
تَقسِيمَاتٌ
Classifications
تَقيِيدُ المُطلَقِ
كَالأَحَادِيثِ الَّتِي بَيَّنَتِ المُرَادَ مِن اليَدِ فِي قَولِهِ
تَعَالَى: {وَالسَّارِقُ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فَاقطَعُوا أَيدِيَهُمَا}،
أَنَّهَا اليَدُ اليُمنَى وَأَنَّ القَطعَ مِن الرُّسغِ لَا مِن
المِرفَقِ.
Limitation of the Absolute Hadiths : Examples are the hadiths that
determine what is meant by the word 'hands' mentioned in the Qur'anic
verse that reads: {As to the thief, male or female, cut off his or her
hands}, that it is the right hand, and the act of amputation begins from
the wrist not from the elbow
تَوثِيقٌ
وَصفُ الرَّاوِي بِأَنَّهُ ثِقَةٌ.
Authorization : This term refers to considering the narrator as an authority in his narration.
تَوضِيحُ المُشكِلِ
كَالحَدِيثِ الَّذِي بَيَّنَ المُرَادَ مِنَ الخَيطَينِ {وَكُلُوا
وَاشرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الخَيطُ الأَبيَضُ مِنَ الخَيطِ
الأَسوَدِ مِنَ الفَجرِ}، هُمَا بَيَاضُ النَّهَارِ وَسَوَادُ اللَّيلِ.
Clarifying the Obscure : An example of this is the hadith that explains
the two 'threads' in the Qur'anic verse that reads {And eat and drink
until the white thread of dawn appears to you distinct from its black
thread} to be the daylight and the darkness of the night.
ثِقَةٌ ثَبتٌ
إِحدَى صِيَغِ الوَصفِ.
Firm Authority : One of the forms of describing narrators.
ثِقَةٌ ثِقَةٌ
إِحدَى صِيَغِ الوَصفِ.
The Trustworthy Authority : One of the forms of describing narrators.
حَدَثَنَا وَحَدَّثَنِي
تُستَخدَمُ فِي السَّمَاعِ مِن لَفظِ الشَّيخِ وَتَلِي (سَمِعتُ) فِي المَرتَبَةِ.
He reported to us or to me : This form comes second after (I heard), and
it is used to indicate the act of hearing from the elder scholar.
حَدِيثٌ مُتَوَاتِرٌ تَوَاتُرًا لَفظِيًّا
أَن يَكُونَ تَوَاتُرُهُ فِي وَاقِعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَلَو بِأَلفَاظٍ
مُتَرَادِفَةٍ وَأَسَالِيبَ كَثِيرَةٍ مُتَّفِقَةٍ عَلَى إِفَادَةِ
المَعنَى المُطَابِقَةِ فِي الوَاقِعَةِ الوَاحِدَةِ.
Verbally Recurrent Hadith : A hadith, telling about the same incident as
another narration, handed down from one narrator to another. Though its
wording may be different, it gives the same meaning.
حَدِيثٌ مُتَوَاتِرٌ تَوَاتُرًا مَعنَوِيًّا
أَن يَكُونَ تَوَاتُرُهُ فِي وَقَائِعَ مُختَلِفَةٍ مُشتَرَكَةٍ فِي مَعنًى مُتَّحِدٍ دَالَّةً عَلَيهِ بِطَرِيقِ التَّضمِينِ.
Meaningfully Recurrent Hadith : A hadith handed down from one narrator
to another, telling about different incidents with a common meaning
indicated implicitly as that of another narration.
خَفِيفُ الضَّبطِ
الرَّاوِي الأَقَلُّ ضَبطًا مِن رَاوِي الحَدِيثِ الصَّحِيحِ.
Infirm Verifier : It refers to a narrator who has less ability in verification than the narrator of the Authentic Hadith
دَرَجَاتُ الحَدِيثِ
هِيَ عَمَلِيَّةُ تَقسِيمِ الحَدِيثِ إِلَى عِدَّةِ أَنوَاعٍ مِن حَيثُ الصِّحَّةِ والحُسنِ وَالضَّعفِ.
Ranks of Hadith : This refers to the process of ranking hadiths in terms of authenticity, goodness and weakness.
دَوَاعِي
Justifications
رَاوِي
هُوَ مَن يَقُومُ بِنَقلِ الحَدِيثِ مِمَّن هُوَ أَعلَى مِنهُ فِي دَرَجَاتِ الرِّوَايَةِ.
Narrator : This term applies to the one who transmits the hadith from his elder narrator.
رُتبَة
Rank
رَفعٌ تَصرِيحِيٌّ
هُوَ الَّذِي فِيهِ إِضَافَةُ القَولِ أَو الفِعلِ أَو التَّقرِيرِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَرَاحَةً.
Explicit Traceability : It is a hadith in which a word, deed, or
approval is explicitly traced back to the Prophet (peace be upon him).
رَفعٌ حُكمِيٌّ
هُوَ الَّذِي لَم يُضِفهُ الصَّحَابِيُّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ أَي لَم
يُصَرِّح فِيهِ بِقَولِهِ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ
وَسَلَّمَ أَو فَعَلَ أَو فَعَلَ بِحَضرَتِهِ.
Implicit Traceability : It is a hadith that is not explicitly traced
back to the Prophet (peace be upon him) by a Companion. In other words,
he does not say, "Allah's Messenger said thus . . . ", or "He did thus .
. . ", or "It was done in the Prophet's presence. "
رِوَايَةٌ
هِيَ نَقلُ السَّنَدِ وَالمَتنِ عَن رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَكُلِّ مَا جَاءَ عَنهُ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
Transmission : This term refers to narrating the chain of transmission
and the t ext of hadiths from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)
and all that survived of his
TOPIC : قاموس مصطلحات الحديث SOURCE : Linguistic Studies ** http://languages.forumactif.org/ |
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